Taxonomy « Chiroblog

Archive pour le mot-clef ‘Taxonomie’

The main news in fortnightly.

Wednesday 7 December 2011

We hope to issue a summary of the news of bats in the world every two weeks.

The good news, lesPhoto contest results for the year of the bat are online. Congratulations to all winners ! More, We have put together a small selection of items:

- Nature in a paper confirming the link between the fungus Geomyces destructans and White Nose Syndrome (“White Nose Syndrome”) [link to the English summary].

- a paper in Nature Communications studying speciation in the smallest mammal in the world, the bumblebee bat (cf. detailed article yesterday about this paper on Chiroblog), [download the PDF],

- a paper on the Natterer of Murine(Myotis nattereri), a complex that would include 4 species in the Western Palearctic ! [link to the English summary]

- a second paper on the species complex of the Murine Natterer which shows the distribution of these new species discovered in France and the possible presence of a species new to science in Corsica [download the PDF],

- a paper on the effect of a highway on the activity and diversity of Chiros [link to the English summary].

That's all for today, soon for a new item on the news of bats !

For the team Chiroblog,

Yann, Meriadeg & Seb

PS : For users of Twitter, RDV sur @ bat_yann, @ @ Henlakebats and SmileyBat chiropractors for more info !

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Published in Nucleic acid, Americas, Europe, Physiology, Taxonomy, WNS | No Comments »

Speciation by 2.

Wednesday 1 September 2010

Speciation may follow different models.
Allopatric speciation, After splitting a species into two by a geographical event, is a model of speciation often considered. Baker's team (Texas Tech University) would have demonstrated in a Phyllostomidae, separated into two species with the division of its range by the uplift of the Andes. The cessation of trade between the two populations progressively leads to the formation of two species.
Another model of speciation are, sympatric speciation, where new species appear in the same geographic area. Ultrasound is a major area of ​​research in this area. A study by Stephen Rossiter (Queen Mary University of London) on Asian horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus spp.) characterize the appearance (from a common ancestor) new species due to the use of different transmission frequencies. These would be responsible for the use of different ecological niches based on different prey. Otherwise, communication between individuals would be affected and this would result in a gradual shutdown of exchange between groups would ultimately lead to their complete separation.

But theory is often very different from the practice, much remains to be discovered on speciation. This is a very complex phenomenon where each story would be unique.

Yann

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Published in Asia, Conference, Description of species, Taxonomy | No Comments »

Share speciation 1.

Wednesday 1 September 2010

After the presentation, Nancy Simmons on the number of species in the world, Manuel Ruedi (Natural History Museum of Geneva) opened a trading day dedicated to the dynamics of speciation (evolutionary processes by a new species appears lequels) and taxonomy (characterization of species). Due to the high species diversity, bats are a model for the study of choice for research on speciation. The difficulty of studying speciation lies firstly in the difficulty of defining a species : « A fly in a wine glass ». No consensus exists, a possible definition is "a group of individuals sharing a common gene pool, isolated from other groups".

Limits investigation of speciation are many scientists to :
A. Difficulties in identifying the reproductive system because of the difficulty in identifying the sexes with no catch, lack of information on a possible multiple paternity and the structuring of social communities (harems ?)
B. Lack of recognition research partners in the sounds (eg. social calls) sense and optionally other (touch and smell ?)
C. Very fragmentary knowledge of the barriers between and within specific general.

The study of speciation is based on various research : the study of morphotypes (morphology), of sonotypes (Ultrasound) and many investigations in the field of molecular biology (haplotypes, karyotypes and fixation of chromosomal rearrangements, genetic distance between gene sequences). The strength of a study is the integrated use of these methods.

Yann

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Published in Conference, Description of species, Taxonomy | No Comments »

How many species ?

Thursday 26 August 2010

In opening the conference, Nancy Simmons was invited to discuss the number of bat species in the world. The latest summary of reported 1116 espèces (Simmons, 2005). In 2010, the number is estimated at 123cashes, more than 116 species added in addition to 6 ans, an increase of more than 10 percent of species diversity! With 33 new species 6 ans, the family Phyllostomidae has increased by 21 percent of its species diversity in just 6 années. Using molecular biology techniques is layearsesponsible for this explosion of species diversity. New species are discovered on the ground through a prospecting effort but also in the drawers of the collections of Museums.
And this trend to increased species diversity is not ready to stop in view of future studies, based on the analysis of many morphological, molecular and also life-history traits. More 900 subspecies and the existence of numerous cryptic species, species diversity of bats still offers many surprises : « A new age of discovery » selon l’expression de Nancy Simmons. The solution lies in collaborative work to acquire more data in the objective of specifying kinship relations with an objective of knowledge and also conservation.

Yann

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Published in Conference, Description of species, Taxonomy | 1 Comments »