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News in April 2013

Monday 15 April 2013

A new selection of scientific articles for the month of April 2013 :

- An article on the potential of green roofs as habitats for bats.
Based on sound monitoring performed in the heart of London, green roofs appear
more favorable for bats compared to conventional roofs [Download PDF].

- An article on the seasonal variability of the activity of bats at different heights.
The study with Anabat records in an English forest advises placing recorders ultrasound
at different heights to achieve acoustic inventories during the active period of bats [Download PDF].

- An article on the factors contributing to mortality of bats by wind turbines in the Mediterranean region.
94% victims would occur between August and October, at temperatures above 13 ° C and a wind speed of less than 5 m/s [Download PDF].

- A second article on bats victims of wind turbines with a study based in Greece.
The main recommendation of the study is to increase the minimum wind speed required
for starting to wind 5 m/s, threshold limit damage to bats
with minimal impact on the production of electricity [Download PDF].

The team Chiroblog

References
Amorim, F., Rebelo, H., & Rodrigues, The. (2012). Factors Influencing Bat Activity and Mortality at a Wind Farm in the Mediterranean Region. Acta Chiropterologica, 14(2), 439–457. two:10.3161/150811012X661756

Georgiakakis, P., Mole, E., Carcamo, B., Doutau, B., Kafkaletou-Diez, A., Vasilakis, D., & Papadatou, It. (2012). Bat Fatalities at Wind Farms in North-Eastern Greece. Acta Chiropterologica, 14(2), 459–468. two:10.3161/150811012X661765

Pearce, H., & Walters, C. The. (2012). Do Green Roofs Provide Habitat for Bats in Urban Areas? Acta Chiropterologica, 14(2), 469–478. two:10.3161/150811012X661774

Staton, T., & Poulton, S. (2012). Seasonal Variation in Bat Activity in Relation to Detector Height: A Case Study. Acta Chiropterologica, 14(2), 401–408. two:10.3161/150811012X661710


 

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Bats fossil carnivores ?

Wednesday 6 February 2013

It is Tunisia, the Djebel Chambi located in the region of Kasserine, the team of Paleontology Montpellier found a fossil specimen of "microchiroptère" very large old about 50 million years. The single tooth of the species Witwatia sigei however, revealed many important information about the evolutionary history of bats in North Africa. This geographical area is known for being the birthplace of a very ancient and endemic family known as the Philisidae (considered archaic vespertilionoïdes). Their story spans over 20 Million years, either from the Eocene (environ -50 Ma) the Oligocene (environ -20 Ma)abouthilisButae have the characteristic grouping of very large size specimens whose weight was equivalent to the largest carnivorous bats present (+ 100g as Macroderma gigas, Vampyrum spectrum or Scotophilus gigas). The analysis of tooth morphology tells us that the bat fossil found in Tunisia was able to hunt small vertebrates, or at least have a more opportunistic than small insectivorous bat fossils from the same period (Ravel 2012). Another fossil bat very large carnivore and is found in the South West of France, in the Quercy (SiGe 2011). The author of this study has established the family as Philisidae Necromantidae which includes fossil species of large size in the European Paleogene (is between 43 and 29 Million years). These findings demonstrate the early acquisition of varied diets and converging in the earliest periods of the history of modern bats.

Anthony Ravel

References :

Ravel, A., Marivaux, L., Tabuce, R., Ben Haj Ali, M., Essid EL M., et Vianey-Liaud, M. (2012). A new large philisid (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Vespertilionoidea) from the late Early Eocene of Chambi, Tunisia. Palaeontology, 55(5), 1035-1041.
Accessible: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01160.x/pdf

SiGe, B. (2011). Cryptobune nov. gen., Bloodwing carnivorous phosphorites of Quercy, SW France. Bulletin of the Natural History Society of Toulouse, 147, 47-54.

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iBatsID: an online tool for the identification cries of European bats

Wednesday 8 August 2012

A new identification software, by automatic classification of ultrasonic bat just to see the day. Its use is similar to what is currently common in this area. The major new features are free and its method of use (Java platform hosted online on the internet) impressive and its area of ​​use (Europe). The user enters values ​​for different acoustic parameters (former. duration of cries, peak frequency, terminal frequency, etc.) and software iBatsID returns the probability of each cry of belonging to different species. The identification to this level is therefore fully quantitative (probabilistic). The probabilistic interpretation of the results is then left to the user. Measurements of acoustic parameters can be performed under different software although the measures are optimized as paid software Sonobat.

By the use of sound content in a very wide variety (on the plans as inter and intra-specific sources of their geographical), the ability to compare information on populations of bats sampled acoustically is now possible at the European level. Two main limitations are discussed, less accurate vis-à-vis other methods reach more local (but with fewer species included) and low reliability of identification Myotis at specific (recurring problem for all methods available to date).

More explanations on the website IBAT : https://sites.google.com/site/ibatsresources/iBatsID

Seb, Dorian et Yann

 

 

 

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A new book on the acoustics of European bats

Monday 30 July 2012

FYI, the new book on acoustics of bats in Europe
Michel Barataud est en vente enfin

ECOLOGY OF SOUND IN EUROPE CHIROPTERA + 1 DVD
Species identification, study of their habitats and behaviors
hunting
Author : Michel Barataud / Co-publishing : Biotopes & MNHN / Collection
Inventories and Biodiversity
344 pages – Hardcover – Format 16,5×24 cm – ISBN 978-2-914817-82-0
- Price 49 € ttc

This new book takes stock of knowledge for almost
Twenty years on ultrasonic detection. The first approaches,
purely auditory, it adds another dimension : Identification
computer analysis of ultrasound.
With ever more powerful sensors and computer analysis,
the author shows that it is now possible to identify almost 80 %
des contacts ultrasonores, to conduct surveys and undertake
Studies increasingly fine without disturbing any
bat. The new manual also benefits from a DVD which are
grouped the sound samples illustrating the method and the
files (graphics) necessary for the identification of the species.

More information about the blog dedicated to the release of this book.

Vincent

 

 

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Training to the capture of bats

Thursday 31 May 2012

Despite the opportunities offered by the identification of animals within their lodges and advances in acoustic detection, capture still essential, especially for evaluation of reproductive status, the identification of certain species, followed by the radio-or the collection of biological samples. The capture is not trivial in terms of risk to bats and because of the increase of nominations, it seemed essential to establish a training system to capture the benefit of bats and bat.

So, sheets 13 and 19 the National Action Plan (PNA) Bats have been drafted to address this lack :

  • Fiche action 13 : Development and validation of protocols national survey and monitoring of bat populations.
  • Fiche action 19 : Establish a national training system for monitoring and studying the bats, especially for the procedure for issuing authorizations capture.

The design and implementation of these actions are performed by working groups and coordinated by the MNHN (National Museum of Natural History, Paris). The group consists of experienced bat inspired by what already exists in the regional groups and the NFB. Beyond the Plan, these missions are designed to establish sustainable systems that will define a scientific framework to capture in order to best ensure the safety of animals and quality of data collected.

Writing a capture guide and a technical manual to help identifying and taking action (in progress, action 13 of PNA), and implementation of training (actionactionwill synthesize and disseminate knowledge to the practice of capturing in a scientific. This will, other, homogenize the action and the nature of the data, so they are fair and comparable to the other chiroptérologue.

The formation evening nominative, that is to say the same for all persons who wish to develop additional skills to conduct catch autonomy, whether professional or volunteer naturalists. In order not to promote the capture technique as the first approach to discipline, should be to ensure that students have prior knowledge of general biology and ecology of bats and the various monitoring techniques and inventory.

During this training, students will be coached by trainers (experienced bat who volunteered) who complete, first, a national course in order to standardize training and to have joint discussions on ethics, priorities and approach.

For training the trainee will have access to :

  • a code of ethics and a note of commitment-a-vis health risks that must be read and signed by the trainee;
  • ongoing training in the field, through the use of a book containing all the training objectives, to validation by a designated trainer. The field training will be done during capture sessions set up for scientific and / or conservation;
  • a theoretical course in region (or inter-regions according to the application, 2 days, free) according to a national repository which aims to present the context in which science must be a catch, Ethics, regulations, health aspects and the theoretical and technical knowledge.

To ensure that trainees are able to capture an independently after training (book validated and probation completed), should assess their skills as a common repository for consistency and fairness in assessment courses in region (or inter-regional).

To date, the nominations for the capture of bats are addressed to DREAL, MEDDTL transmitted to and signed by the advice of Prefectures CNPN. By region, regional coordinators, groups or the bat CSRPN are available to have an opinion on the application. It was agreed with the MEDDTL CNPN and once the training establishment, authorization to capture issued at the end of the training will be required in addition CERFA 13616*01 "Derogation for the capture or removal, the destruction, deliberate disturbance of specimens of protected species "to any request for exemption. For the time being, the working group decided to focus on training. Any alterations to the processing of exceptions is a complex subject that will be addressed at a later stage in consultation with all stakeholders.

The first step in this process is to identify the trainers. A paper on the role and responsibilities of the trainer was prepared (download here). If you want to take part in this project by becoming a trainer, do you know by completing the form (download here) and return it to your local bat group (Regional Coordinator SFEPM), the MNHN (jmarmet@mnhn.fr) or SFEPM (chiro.sfepm@orange.fr) before 12 June 2012. Once the trainers identified, they will meet in the fall to attend a training course cross.

When all forms have been received and centralized, the working group "to capture training" will make an appointment in close consultation with regional groups and bat DREAL, to agree on a list on its own merits, depending on experience and motivation of bat.

Finally, Book training will be distributed this spring, to all other network, so that everyone can find out. However, validation of targets and the first theoretical courses can only be done once the trainers trained, they will therefore be in 2013.

For more information, Questions or comments concerning the formation, you can contact us by email : jmarmet (at sign) mnhn.fr or telephone : 01 40 79 57 64.

Julie (Project Manager bat MNHN)

Published in France, Information, Field | No Comments »

Wind Energy Conference and impacts on wildlife

Monday 7 May 2012

A conference on wind energy and impacts on wildlife will be held from 5 at 7 February 2013 Stockholm à en Suède.

For more information, you can visit the website dedicated to the conference(site in English) : www.naturvardsverket.se/CWE2013

Seb.

Published in Conference, Aeolian, Europe, France | No Comments »

Link between the fungus Geomyces destructans and White Nose Syndrome (WNS): experimental evidence.

Wednesday 11 April 2012

It is in “Proceedings of National Academy of Science” (PNAS), an American magazine, that the study has been published (the 10 April 2012). The original manuscript was submitted to the newspaper 9 January 2012 by Canadian researchers at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg. This experimental work has allowed verification of the original 3rd postulate of Koch, that the inoculation of the organism causes disease isolated. More, According to these authors, White Nose Syndrome (WNS) and fatal features are observed in bats (Myotis lucifugus) inoculated and then placed in hibernation, regardless of the geographical origin of the strain used (European or American). The results of this study are in favor of the hypothesis of an invasive species of European origin that the systematic progression of the fungus to the American West and its wide distribution already seemed to describe European. This perspective appears sufficient to explain, to date, the difference in sensitivity observed populations of American and European bat. An ancient evolutionary history of the fungus with bats of the Old World, which have not benefited those in the new world where the fungus was introduced some years ago, would have favored the adaptation of species of the old continent and helped limit the pathology associated with the presence of the fungus. The latter hypothesis would be verified if the genetic mechanisms of resistance to infection by the fungus could be detected in European bats while they are absent, or much less represented, bat populations in the U.S.. The validation of this possibility and / or experimental evidence would undoubtedly minimize the risk associated with Geomyces destructans for European bat populations.

Meriadeg

Source:Warnecke, The. et al., 2012. Inoculation of Bats with European Geomyces Destructans Supports the Novel Pathogen Hypothesis for the Origin of White-Nose Syndrome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Available at: http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2012/04/03/1200374109 [Accessed April 10, 2012].

 

Published in Americas, Biogeography, Europe, WNS | No Comments »

News in March 2012

Monday 19 March 2012

A new selection of scientific articles for the month of March 2012 :

- A new classification of the subfamily Molossinae (Molossidae) comprising analysis
Molecular Character, has just been published in the Journal of Mammalogy [download the PDF].

- A new phylogeny of the Murine (Myotis) Caribbean was published in the journal Mammalian Biology
[link to the summary]. Based on morphological and molecular, a third species endemic to the Caribbean was discovered.

- An article published in PLoS One reports on the use of chemicals, les isotopes stables,
as a method to predict the breeding site of European bats
[link to the abstract and PDF].

The team Chiroblog

References

- Ammerman, The. K., Lee, D. N., & Tips, T. M. (2012). First molecular phylogenetic insights into the evolution of free-tailed bats in the subfamily Molossinae (Molossidae, Chiroptera). Journal of Mammalogy, 93(1), 12-28. two:10.1644/11-MAMM-A-103.1

- Larsen, R. J., Larsen, P. A., Genoways, H. H., Catzeflis, F. M., Geluso, K., Kwiecinski, G. G., Pedersen, S. C., et al. (2012). Evolutionary history of Caribbean species of Myotis, with evidence of a third Lesser Antillean endemic. Mammalian Biology – Journal of Mammalogy, 77(2), 124-134. two:10.1016/j.mambio.2011.11.003

- Popa-Lisseanu, A. G., Soergel, K., Luckner, A., Wassenaar, The. I., Ibanez, C., Kramer-Schadt, S., Ciechanowski, M., et al. (2012). A triple-isotope approach to predict the breeding origins of European bats. PloS ONE, 7(1), e30388. two:10.1371/journal.pone.0030388

Published in Nucleic acid, Africa, Americas, Asia, Biogeography, Description of species, Europe, Protocol, Taxonomy, Field | No Comments »

Chiroptera and roads

Saturday 17 March 2012

Here is a list of references related to bats and roads (list mainly from the 'bats' mailing list; accuracy of references uncontrolled):

ANGOLD P.G., 1997.- The impact of a road upon adjacent heathland vegetation: Effects on plant species composition. Journal of Applied Ecology 34: 409-417.

ANONYMOUS, 2004.- Bats and road deaths. In Plecotus # 14, Newsletter Bat Group Nature of the Poitou-Charentes: 4-5.

BACH L., Burkhardt P. and LIMPENS H.J.G.A. , 2004 – Tunnel as a possibility to connect bat habitats. Mammalia Flight. 68 (4): 411-420.

Balkenhol, N., Waits, L.P., 2009. Molecular road ecology: exploring the potential of genetics for investigating transportation impacts on wildlife. Molecular Ecology 18, 4151-4164.

Berthinussen, A., Altringham, J., 2011. The effect of a major road on bat activity and diversity. Journal of Applied Ecology

BICKMORE C. Wyatt et L., 2003.- Review of work carried out on the trunk road network in Wales for bats. Literature review. 65 pages.

BICKMORE C. Wyatt et L. (Lawrence Arthur translation), 2006.- Summary of work carried out for bats on a highway in Wales (Country Council of Wales, July 2003). Scientific paper. Symbiosis n ° 15: 39-42. 4 pages.

Boonman, M., 2011. Factors determining the use of culverts underneath highways and railway tracks by bats in lowland areas.

CHAPTER G., Chaut J.-J., ARTHUR L., 2006.- Four-year mortality study of bats on two kilometers of a road near hibernation site. Symbiosis 15 :46-46.

Dikiy IW, Srebrodolska EB (2006) Casus of death of rare bat species on the roads in Prykarpattia (Lviv Region). Vestn Zool 40:114. (in Russian with English summary)

Jerome DOREY, 2010.- Roads and roadsides: barriers or ecological corridors? Memory literature. University of Rennes. 26 pages.

FORMAN R.T.T., FRIEDMAN D.S., FITZHENRY D., MARTIN J.D., CHEN A.S. and ALEXANDER L.E., 1997.- Ecological effects of roads : towards three summary indices and an overview for North America. In : CANTERS K., Piepers A. et HENDRICKS HEERSMA-A. (Eds). Proceedings of the international conference on “Habitat fragmentation, infrastructure and the role of ecological engineerind"Maastricht & DenHague 1995, pp. 40-54. Delft, The Netherlands : Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management, Road and Hydraulic Engineering division.

Gaisler J, Řehák Z, Bartonička T., 2009.- Bat casualties by road traffic (Brno-Vienna). Acta Theriol 54:147–155

Hansen L., 1982.- Road kills in Denmark (enDanois with English summary). Dansl Ornithologisk Association Journals 76 : 97-110.

HODSON N.L., 1966.- A survey of road mortality in mammals (and includind data for the grass snake and common frog). J. Sole. Lond. 148 :576-579.

JONES G., 2008.- Sensory Ecology: Noise Annoys Foraging Bats . Current Biology, Flight. 18 (23)

Kerth G., MELBER M. , 2009.-  Species specific barrier effects of motorway on habitat use of two threatened forest-living bat species. Biological Conservation 142(2) : 270-279.

Kiefer A., Merz, H., Rackow W., Roer H., Schlegel D., 1994.- Bats as traffic casualties in Germany. Myotis 32 : 215–220.

Lesiński G. M. Warden et, 2001.- Whiskered bat Myotis mystacinus and Brandt’s bat M. brandtii as traffic casualties on roads in central Poland. Bats 2 : 135–138 (in Polish with English summary)

Lesiński G., 2007.- Bat road casualties and factors determining their level. Mammalia 71:138–142

Lesiński G, 2008.- Linear landscape elements and bat casualties on road – an example. Ann. Sole. Fennici 45 : 277-280.

LESIńSKI G., Sikora A. et OLSZEWSKI A., 2011.- Bat casualties on a road crossing a mosaic landscape. Eur.J. Wildl. Res. 57: 217-223.

LIMPENS H.J.G.A., TWISK P. et VEENBAAS G., 2005.- Bats and road construction. Brochure about bats and the ways in wich pratctical measures can be taken to observe the legal duty of care for bats in planning, constructing, reconstructing and managing roads. Published by Rijkswaterstaat, Service road- and Hydraulic, Delft, the Netherlands and the Association for Science and Mammal Mammal Protection, Arnhem, the Netherlands, 24 pages. DWW-2005-033.

McGregor, R.L., Bender, D.J., Fahrig, L., 2008. Do small mammals avoid roads because of the traffic? Journal of Applied Ecology 45, 117-123.

Amelie Morin, 2003.- Study of the transit of bats on a section of the ring road of the city of Bourges to a development proposal. Natural History Museum Gabriel Fouchet, city ​​of Bourges

BLACKS F., 2004.- Diagnosis on mortality of bats through collisions in the Lot, on the A20 between Cahors Nord and the Dordogne, and development proposals. Appraisal conducted by Natural Spaces Midi-Pyrenees for the consulting firm Savine. 16 pages.

Russell, A.L., Butchkoski, C.M., Saidak, The. McCracken et, G.F., 2008.- Road-killed bats, highway design, and the commuting ecology of bats. Endang. Species Res. DOI: 10.3354/ esr00121.

Rackow W., Schlegel D., 1994.-Bats (Chiroptera) as accident victims in Lower Saxony. Nyctalus (NF) 5:11–18

SCANON P.F., 1987.- Heavy metals in small mammals in roadside environments – implication for food chains. Science of the Total Environnement 59, 317-323.

SCHAUB A., OSTWALD J., SIEMERS B., 2008.- Foraging bats avoid noise. The Journal of Experimental Biology 211: 3174-3180.

SEILER A., 2001.- Ecological effects of road. Introductory Research Essay n°9, Department of Conservation Biology, Uppsala. 40 pages.

SETRA 2005.- Facilities and measures for small animals - Technical Guide - Setra - November 2005. Ref: 0527 – 264 pages.

SETRA, 2007a.- Biodiversity and land transport infrastructure. Information note of the Research Technical roads and highways. 15 pages.

SETRA, 2007b.- Wildlife and traffic. European handbook for identifying conflicts and designing solutions. Rapport COST 341 - Habitat fragmentation due to transport infrastructure. 179 pages.

SLATER F. M., 2002.- An assessment of wildlife road casualties—the potential discrepancy between numbers counted and numbers  killed. Web Ecology 3:33–42

Svensson S., 1998.- Birds jills on roads – a death-trap for birds. (Accompanying green Transport as a death trap for birds). Nature and landscape 71 : 527-532.

Trombulak, S.C., Frissell, C.A., 2000. Review of Ecological Effects of Roads on Terrestrial and Aquatic Communities. Conservation Biology 14, 18-30.

Wray S., Reason P., Wells D., Cresswell W. H. Walker et, 2006.- Design, installation, and monitoring of safe crossing points for bats on a new highway scheme in Wales. IN: Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Ecology and Transportation, Eds. Irwin CL, Garrett P, McDermott KP. Center for Transportation and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC: pp. 369-379.

WAY J.M., 1997.- Roadside verges and conservation in Britain : a review. Biol. Conserv. 12 : 65-74.

Seb.

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National meetings to bat Natural History Museum of Bourges, 2012

Saturday 10 March 2012

Ce week-end du 2-3-4 March took place the national meetings of the bats SFEPM in Bourges.
Over 350 people (amateur or professional) goshawks were left to study presentations, roundtables and technical workshops to share and keep abreast of the news of Chiroptera. These meetings are a time bisanuelles must for anyone intéresssant to bat, so much so that even our neighboring French-speaking Belgians or Swiss movement.

The site of the Museum of Bourges provides the list of participants and the program of these 3 days of meetings.

A big thank you to the organizing team and participants, growing number !

The team Chiroblog

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