Conference « Chiroblog

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News in May 2012

Tuesday 15 May 2012

A new selection of scientific articles for the month of May 2012 :

- An article published in PloS One which develops the use of DNA minibarcodes
to detect the diet of mountain murine Plecotus macrobullaris [link to the abstract and PDF].

- A new classification of the family Emballonuridae Old World
published in Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution [link to the summary].

- A new species of Gender Hipposideros just been described and its name, Hipposideros griffini rend homage au Professeur Donald Redfield Griffin (1915–2003) which initiated extensive research on echolocation in bats [link to the summary].

-Group classification 'turpis’ in Hipposideros just be reviewed with the key two subspecies elevated to full species and one new subspecies described [link to PDF].

- An article published in Nature communications describing the wide variety ofParamyxoviridaein bats (and rodents) [download communication]. Like other viral families (lesCoronaviridae for example) the Paramyxoviridae, comprising the genera Henipavirus (Virus Nipah and Hendra), but alsoRubulavirus (mumps virus: “mumps”) etMorbillivirus (measles virus, and fever virus-of-small-ruminant) have diversified in multiple groups of mammals and especially in large groups such as rodents and bats. We'll go into more detail on this article in a future post.

Otherwise, we remind you 3th international meetings bats Berlin and the Bat Distribution Viewerwhich allows to view distribution maps of bat species worldwide.

The team Chiroblog

References

- Alberdi, A., Garin, I., Aizpurua, O., & Aihartza, J. (2012). The Foraging Ecology of the Mountain Long-Eared Bat Plecotus macrobullaris Revealed with DNA Mini-Barcodes. PLoS ONE, 7(4), e35692.

- Ruedi, M., Friedli-Weyeneth, N., Teeling, It. C., Puechmaille, S. J., & Goodman, S. M. (2012). Biogeography of Old World emballonurine bats (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae) inferred with mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 64(1), 211-204. two:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.03.019

- Thong, V.D., Puechmaille S.J., Denzinger A., Csorba G., Dietz C., Bates P.J.J., Teeling E.C. Schnitzler and H-U. (2012). A new species of Hipposideros (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Vietnam. Journal of Mammalogy, 93(1), 1-11.

-Thong, V.D., Puechmaille S.J., Denzinger A., Bates P.J.J., Dietz C., Csorba G., Soisook P., Teeling E.C., Matsumura S., Furey N. Schnitzler and H-U. (2012). Systematics of the Hipposideros turpis complex with a description of a new subspecies from Vietnam. Mammal Review, 42(2), 166-192.

- Drexler, J. F., Corman, In. M., Miller, M. A., Maganga, G. D., Vallo, P., Binger, T., Gloza noise, FF. et al. (2012). Bats host major mammalian paramyxoviruses. Nature Communications, 3, 796.

Wind Energy Conference and impacts on wildlife

Monday 7 May 2012

A conference on wind energy and impacts on wildlife will be held from 5 at 7 February 2013 Stockholm à en Suède.

For more information, you can visit the website dedicated to the conference(site in English) : www.naturvardsverket.se/CWE2013

Seb.

National meetings to bat Natural History Museum of Bourges, 2012

Saturday 10 March 2012

Ce week-end du 2-3-4 March took place the national meetings of the bats SFEPM in Bourges.
Over 350 people (amateur or professional) goshawks were left to study presentations, roundtables and technical workshops to share and keep abreast of the news of Chiroptera. These meetings are a time bisanuelles must for anyone intéresssant to bat, so much so that even our neighboring French-speaking Belgians or Swiss movement.

The site of the Museum of Bourges provides the list of participants and the program of these 3 days of meetings.

A big thank you to the organizing team and participants, growing number !

The team Chiroblog

The schedules you !

Friday 25 March 2011

Many events on the bats are coming, there will be something for everyone !

- The Dating Is Great, le week-end du 26-27 Mars in Alsace.

- The Congress of conservatories of 04 at 07 April in Aix les Bains (forum with a bat) which already has almost 900 registered so far.

- The West region meeting Bretagne a à Kernascléden (after summer). More information soon on the association website organizer : Amikiro.

- The European Congress of Mammalogy, of 19 at 23 July in Paris (English).

- The European conference Bats, of 22 at 26 August in Lithuania.

- The Dating Deep South to be held on 5 and 6 November in the Gorges du Gardon, organized under the LIFE ChiroMed.

Yann

Back to the past : Paleontologists meeting in the U.S. !

Monday 29 November 2010

Many paleontologists met in early October in Pittsburgh (United States) for the annual conference of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. It was an opportunity for researchers working on fossils of bats to find, means of Gregg Gunnell, Nancy Simmons, Jörg Habersetzer, Jeremy Hooker, Nicholas Czaplewski, Thierry Smith ainsi qu’Anthony Ravel, young doctoral student who works at the University of Montpellier II on fossil bat from North Africa and Southeast Asia. Attributable to the fossil record is very fragmentary bat. With the exception of exceptionally well preserved specimens, Dental equipment is essentially.

However, the study of fossils is paramount to learn more about the origins of bats including the evolution of echolocation and flight. The discovery of a new fossil 2005, Onychonycteris finneyi, analyzed by the team of Nancy Simmons, has revived debates about the appearance of echolocation and flight. During this congress, Nancy Simmons defended his hypothèse du flight-first, the appearance of the flight before echolocation. The study of fossil Onychonycteris finneyi, short wings having, does not seem to have enlarged cochlea. Further enlargement of the cochlea, Nancy Simmons has established an association of morphological criteria in cranial capacity testifying écholocatrice (enlargement of the cochlea, connection stylohyale-os tympanique, morphology stylohyale [paddle-like bifurcant to the top of the skull] or morphology of the orbital process of the malleus [not decisive criterion])

The specimen of Wyoming, in addition to a narrow cochlea, does not appear to the criteria listed above. Many questions arise:

-What were the ecological characteristics d’Onychonycteris? (Daytime, night or cathéméral, mode of predation, habitats,…)

-Quand l'écholocation est-Elle apparue?

-What are the evolutionary modes in the establishment of structures for echolocation?

The study of echolocation and flight is essential to understand the evolutionary radiation of bats. A effet, these capabilities are key adaptations contributing to the success of the group. Reminder, Today the Order Chiroptera is the second most diverse order of placental mammals in (after Rodents) and that this diversity is very old (over 70% existing families are represented in the Paleogene, between about -65 and -23 million years).

Otherwise, the community of paleontologists studying the fossil bat would work on a book project on this topic. We will inform you once we have more information !

Anthony

Speciation by 2.

Wednesday 1 September 2010

Speciation may follow different models.
Allopatric speciation, After splitting a species into two by a geographical event, is a model of speciation often considered. Baker's team (Texas Tech University) would have demonstrated in a Phyllostomidae, separated into two species with the division of its range by the uplift of the Andes. The cessation of trade between the two populations progressively leads to the formation of two species.
Another model of speciation are, sympatric speciation, where new species appear in the same geographic area. Ultrasound is a major area of ​​research in this area. A study by Stephen Rossiter (Queen Mary University of London) on Asian horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus spp.) characterize the appearance (from a common ancestor) new species due to the use of different transmission frequencies. These would be responsible for the use of different ecological niches based on different prey. Otherwise, communication between individuals would be affected and this would result in a gradual shutdown of exchange between groups would ultimately lead to their complete separation.

But theory is often very different from the practice, much remains to be discovered on speciation. This is a very complex phenomenon where each story would be unique.

Yann

Share speciation 1.

Wednesday 1 September 2010

After the presentation, Nancy Simmons on the number of species in the world, Manuel Ruedi (Natural History Museum of Geneva) opened a trading day dedicated to the dynamics of speciation (evolutionary processes by a new species appears lequels) and taxonomy (characterization of species). Due to the high species diversity, bats are a model for the study of choice for research on speciation. The difficulty of studying speciation lies firstly in the difficulty of defining a species : « A fly in a wine glass ». No consensus exists, a possible definition is "a group of individuals sharing a common gene pool, isolated from other groups".

Limits investigation of speciation are many scientists to :
A. Difficulties in identifying the reproductive system because of the difficulty in identifying the sexes with no catch, lack of information on a possible multiple paternity and the structuring of social communities (harems ?)
B. Lack of recognition research partners in the sounds (eg. social calls) sense and optionally other (touch and smell ?)
C. Very fragmentary knowledge of the barriers between and within specific general.

The study of speciation is based on various research : the study of morphotypes (morphology), of sonotypes (Ultrasound) and many investigations in the field of molecular biology (haplotypes, karyotypes and fixation of chromosomal rearrangements, genetic distance between gene sequences). The strength of a study is the integrated use of these methods.

Yann

How many species ?

Thursday 26 August 2010

In opening the conference, Nancy Simmons was invited to discuss the number of bat species in the world. The latest summary of reported 1116 espèces (Simmons, 2005). In 2010, the number is estimated at 123cashes, more than 116 species added in addition to 6 ans, an increase of more than 10 percent of species diversity! With 33 new species 6 ans, the family Phyllostomidae has increased by 21 percent of its species diversity in just 6 années. Using molecular biology techniques is layearsesponsible for this explosion of species diversity. New species are discovered on the ground through a prospecting effort but also in the drawers of the collections of Museums.
And this trend to increased species diversity is not ready to stop in view of future studies, based on the analysis of many morphological, molecular and also life-history traits. More 900 subspecies and the existence of numerous cryptic species, species diversity of bats still offers many surprises : « A new age of discovery » selon l’expression de Nancy Simmons. The solution lies in collaborative work to acquire more data in the objective of specifying kinship relations with an objective of knowledge and also conservation.

Yann

15th International Bat Research Conference – Prague

Wednesday 25 August 2010

The City of Prague (Czech Republic) hosts in the last week of August the 15th International Congress for Research on bats. More 500 participants, it is the world's largest gathering to date of enthusiasts bats. These meetings are destined to achieve a "state of the art" research on bats, 40 years after the launch of the first congress in Czechoslovakia (now the Czech Republic). Several items will be mailed this week to inform you of these events and the future of research in Chiroptérologie. Enjoy!

Yann